Castles takes a uniquely architectural approach to deconstructing all forms of fortification, showing how the work of architect, stonemason, and engineer evolved to repel the increasingly destructive power of artillery. While the classic medieval castle is analyzed in detail, the book addresses a broad chronology of structures-from the most ancient fortified city at Jericho through to the point in the nineteenth century when modern weapons forced armies underground. Castles uses stylish two-tone engravings to dissect a wealth of examples; "anatomies" that annotate classic structures for both their architectural and military significance; and "riches to ruins" features that offer unique comparisons between castles in their pomp as depicted in illuminated manuscripts, and matching color photographs of those same castles as they stand in ruins today.