In the 1960s, the radical youth of Western Europe's New Left rebelled against the democratic welfare state and their parents' antiquated politics of reform. It was not the first time an upstart leftist movement was built on the ruins of the old. This book traces the history of neoleftism from its antifascist roots in the first half of the twentieth century, to its postwar reconstruction in the 1950s, to its explosive reinvention by the 1960s counterculture.Terence Renaud demonstrates why the left in Europe underwent a series of internal revolts against the organizational forms of established parties and unions. He describes how small groups of militant youth such as New Beginning in Germany tried to sustain grassroots movements without reproducing the bureaucratic, hierarchical, and supposedly obsolete structures of Social Democracy and Communism. Neoleftist militants experimented with alternative modes of organization such as councils, assemblies, and action committees. However, Renaud reveals that these same militants, decades later, often came to defend the very institutions they had opposed in their youth.Providing vital historical perspective on the challenges confronting leftists today, this book tells the story of generations of antifascists, left socialists, and anti-authoritarians who tried to build radical democratic alternatives to capitalism and kindle hope in reactionary times.
'This is an exciting work of scholarship. Renaud does a key analytic service by tracing a line from the antifascism and 'neoleftism' of the 1920s and 1930s to the activism of the 1960s.' — Timothy Scott Brown, author of Sixties Europe
'A highly original book that provides a new optic on the history of the left in Germany and Western Europe. New Lefts is a powerful intervention into how we might interpret continuity and change along the catastrophic ruptures of the twentieth century.' — Holger Nehring, author of Politics of Security
