Components of food: Water; Protein; Fats (and oils); Carbohydrates; Diet ry fibre; Vitamins; Minerals; Antioxidants; Energy: What is energy?; Cal culating energy requirements; Energy requirements in sickness; Energy re quirements in health; Energy content of food; Palatability and acceptabi lity; Types of food: Home-made diets; Proprietary diets; Labelling of pr oprietary foods; Comparisons between different foods; Variety; Supplemen ts; Feeding dogs and cats: Feeding recommendations; Body condition score ; Feeding the healthy dog and cat; Timing of meals; Feeding sick or inju red dogs and cats; Forced or artificial feeding; Parenteral feeding; Lif estage foods: Growth phase; Adult phase; Pregnancy and lactation; Neonat es; Geriatric phase; The gut as an ecosystem: Probiotics; Prebiotics; Fa tty acids and eicosanoids; Clinical nutrition: Body systems; Obesity: St arvation; Critical care nutrition; Cancer cachexia; Skeletal disease; Ne uromuscular disease; Disorders of the integument; Food intolerance and s ensitivity; Exclusion diets; Cardiovascular disease; The digestive syste m; The pancreas; The liver; Reproductive disease; The urinary system; Th
